Stukas of the Spanish Nationalist Air Force/Condor Legion fly out to distribute mayhem, ?1937.  Note Spanish Nationalist St. Andrew's Saltire marking on the tail.  JR.

Stukas over Spain.

In the second half of 1937 - between the Battle of Brunete and the Battle of Tereul - the front line in the Nationalist siege of Madrid began to settle down, with Franco being increasingly willing to substitute gradual encroachment tactics for costly frontal assaults on the city.  This resulted in an increasing number of static Nationalist strongpoints around Madrid.  Against one of these - the Casa Blanca building - the Republicans adopted a tactic somewhat unusual in this war.  Miners on the Republican side spent 6 months tunneling from their lines to the foundations of the Casa Blanca, where they assembled a very large mine.  The mine was detonated on 19 March, 1938.  Some 300 Nationalist soldiers are believed to have been killed in the blast.  Best regards, JR.

Spanish Civil War - Big Bang Theory.

The very recognisable city of Barcelona, centre and towards the port, under bombardment from Italian aircraft acting in aid of the Spanish Nationalist forces, 1938.  Best regards, JR.